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| Ага. Но это не к МАРРОЛу, это требования классов для судов повышенной экологической безопасности. Для красивой записи в характеристике класса "Clean ship", "Eco design", и т.д. | |
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Ловите от DNV это из Sewage and Greywater Management Plan
The Sewage and Greywater Management Plan shall provide procedures for handling of sewage and greywater during ship operation in order to maintain the vessel in compliance with DNV GL class nota-tions Clean and Clean(Design). The requirements for greywater are only applicable for ships with class notation Clean(Design).
2.1 Sewage
IMO Regulation MARPOL Annex IV defines sewage (blackwater) as:
• Drainage and other wastes from any form of toilets and urinals
• Drainage from medical premises (dispensary, sick bay, etc.) via wash bins, wash tubs and scuppers
• Drainage from spaces containing live animals
• Other waste waters when mixed with the drainages defined above
The discharge of raw sewage into the sea can create a health hazard. Sewage can also lead to oxy-gen depletion and can be an obvious visual pollution in coastal areas - a major problem for countries with tourist industries. The main sources of human-produced sewage are land-based - such as munic-ipal sewers or treatment plants. However, the discharge of sewage into the sea from ships also con-tributes to marine pollution.
Biologically active sewage poses a threat to human health by transmitting diseases to people swim-ming in the sea, or via eating fish and shellfish contaminated with sewage. Vessels trading in inland waters might contaminate drinking water by discharging sewage. It also introduces nutrients to inland and coastal waters causing algal blooms. Negative environmental effects from increased blooming include hypoxia (i.e., the depletion of oxygen in the water) which may cause death to aquatic animals.
IMO Regulation MARPOL 73/78 Annex IV contains a set of regulations regarding the discharge of sewage into the sea from ships, including regulations regarding the ships' equipment and systems for the control of sewage discharge, the provision of port reception facilities for sewage and requirements for survey and certification.
It is generally considered that on the high seas, the oceans are capable of assimilating and dealing with raw sewage through natural bacterial action. Therefore, the regulations in Annex IV of MARPOL prohibit the discharge of sewage into the sea within a specified distance from the nearest land, unless otherwise provided. But it should be noted for vessels having DNV GL environmental class notation CLEAN or CLEAN (DESIGN), discharge of untreated sewage is not allowed.
Governments are required to ensure the provision of adequate reception facilities at ports and termi-nals for the reception of sewage, without causing delay to ships.
2.2 Greywater
Greywater is all wastewater generated on board the vessel from streams without fecal or urine con-tamination, i.e. all streams except for the wastewater from toilets, medical premises or live animal spaces. Sources of greywater include sinks, showers, baths, washing machines or dish washers. Greywater contains dissolved or undissolved by-products such as fat and oil, food scraps, household chemicals, soap and detergent rich in phosphate and nitrate, and microbiological pathogens (e.g., bacteria and viruses).
Grey water discharge from vessels is a comparatively low contributor to overall water quality in the marine environment but is still an important source of pollution in localised areas that can and should be avoided. The number of vessels that provide luxury facilities such as ensuite bathrooms, dishwashers, washing machines and even spa baths are on the increase.
The grey water produced from these sources can be harmful to the receiving aquatic environment and other marine users, especially in marinas and sheltered bays where the increasing number of overnight vessels with wastewater-producing facilities creates a higher concentration of wastewater. It is of most concern when released near shore in estuaries, bays, rivers and marinas.
Grey water discharge plumes may remain on the surface of marine waters and accumulate pollutants (particularly nutrients) around the vessel from which it is sourced or adjacent vessels. Excessive nutri-ents contribute to the growth of algae, which is known to cause problems for vessel operators, particularly within marina basins.
For vessels having DNV GL environmental class notation CLEAN (DESIGN), discharge of untreated Grey Water is not allowed.